When I first began managing Linux servers, one of the most perplexing metrics I encountered was the load average. At first glance, the numbers seemed abstract and elusive—what did a load average of 2.5 or 5.0 actually mean for system performance? I vividly remember the first time I was faced with a server running unusually …

In this tutorial, we will learn how to install GUI ( graphical user interface ) on Ubuntu server 20.04. We will install ubuntu-desktop in the following example. Four steps to install GUI on Ubuntu Server: update the apt package index and install tasksel choose which GUI we will use use tasksel command to install the …

TCP connection status is a key metric to troubleshooting TCP related network issues. We collect four basic connection status to help you understand what these metrics mean. From these metrics, we can tell that the issue happens from server-side or client-side. understanding TCP active connections openings active connections openings – This indicates the system has …

On Linux a login shell is a shell given to a user upon login into their user account. Today we will look at how to change the default login shell safely for one specific user. Understanding user shell in Linux A user’s shell is the program that runs when they login to a Linux system. …

How to check disk space is a commonly asked question during a Linux job interview. Disk space usage and disk utilization are different in Linux. Disk space usage means how much percent of space we use on the disk. Disk utilization means how busy the disk is when there is some workload on it. Today …

File system is an important part of Linux world. We collect 10 useful file system concepts below to help you understand what file system is. Important File system Concepts File system: An organization of data as files and directories, with a file-based interface for accessing them, and file permissions to control access. Additional content may …

Raw IO and Direct IO are both bypassing file system cache. Here are more details about these two IOs. This can help us understand the difference and troubleshoot easier when we get a file system issue. Difference Between RAW IO and Direct IO Raw I/O is issued directly to disk offsets, bypassing the file system …

This article is part of the following series. 6 performance tools you should know in Linux 5 Ways to Check disk size in Linux 4 Ways to Check Disk Partition with Examples in Linux How I Fixed a disk performance issue in Minutes – A Step by Step Guide to Optimize Linux System   Disk …

Find command on Linux is a very powerful tool to search files or directories. We can use maxdepth/mindepth to limit down the search to specific depth levels. How to Use Depth In Find Command We can combine two options together to limit the search only between max/min depths. On Centos, there is no option for …

Linux IOwait is a common Linux performance issue. Today we will look at what iowait means and what contributes to this problem. Hope this can give you more ideas about high IOwait issue. IOwait on Linux The iowait column on top command output shows the percentage of time that the processor was waiting for I/O …